Abstract
Curcumin (CC) is known to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties and has already been tested for its efficiency in different diseases including diabetes mellitus (DM). New formulations and route administration were designed to obtain products with higher bioavailability. Our study aimed to test the effect of intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of liposomal curcumin (lCC) as pre-treatment in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced DM in rats on oxidative stress, liver, and pancreatic functional parameters. Forty-two Wistar-Bratislava rats were randomly divided into six groups (seven animals/group): control (no diabetes), control-STZ (STZ-induced DM —60 mg/100g body weight a single dose intraperitoneal administration, and no CC pre-treatment), two groups with DM and CC pre-treatment (1mg/100g bw—STZ + CC1, 2 mg/100g bw—STZ + CC2), and two groups with DM and lCC pre-treatment (1 mg/100g bw—STZ + lCC1, 2 mg/100g bw—STZ + lCC1). Intraperitoneal administration of Curcumin in diabetic rats showed a significant reduction of nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, total oxidative stress, and catalase for both evaluated formulations (CC and lCC) compared to control group (p < 0.005), with higher efficacy of lCC formulation compared to CC solution (p < 0.002, excepting catalase for STZ + CC2vs. STZ + lCC1when p = 0.0845). The CC and lCC showed hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic effects, a decrease in oxidative stress and improvement in anti-oxidative capacity status against STZ-induced DM in rats (p < 0.002). The lCC also proved better efficacy on MMP-2, and -9 plasma levels as compared to CC (p < 0.003, excepting STZ + CC2 vs. STZ + lCC1 comparison with p = 0.0553). The lCC demonstrated significantly better efficacy as compared to curcumin solution on all serum levels of the investigated markers, sustaining its possible use as adjuvant therapy in DM.
Highlights
IntroductionAnimal models for testing various new therapies frequently use experimental type 1 diabetes and range from models with spontaneously developing autoimmune diabetes to chemical ablation of the pancreatic beta cells [2]
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is defined by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, classified as type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus
Our results demonstrated that intraperitoneal administration of liposomal curcumin had better results compared with curcumin (Table 1)
Summary
Animal models for testing various new therapies frequently use experimental type 1 diabetes and range from models with spontaneously developing autoimmune diabetes to chemical ablation of the pancreatic beta cells [2]. Chemical induction of DM by streptozotocin (STZ) administration is one of the most frequently used animal models for experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus. The fragmented DNA activates reparative enzymes that deplete the cells in ATP [5,6]. As a result of ATP depletion, dephosphorylation provides more substrates molecules for increasing oxidative stress [4]. During this process, the presence of the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea side chain can increase the nitro-oxidative stress due to releasing of nitric oxide (NO) [7]
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