Abstract
The chemical composition of the dichloromethane extracts of different morphological parts of banana plant “Dwarf Cavendish”, cultivated in Madeira Island (Portugal), were studied by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The five different morphological fractions in study have a similar qualitative chemical composition. Fatty acids and sterols are the major families present in the lipophilic extract of “Dwarf Cavendish”, representing ca. 33–66% and 12–43%, respectively, of the total amount of lipophilic components. Among all the identified compounds, campesterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol and fatty acids, such as palmitic, stearic, linoleic, linolenic, 22-hydroxydocosanoic, 24-hydroxytetracosanoic and 26-hydroxyhexacosanoic acids, were the major components found in all morphological zones. Other families of compounds, such as aromatic compounds, fatty alcohols and alkanes were also identified. The high increase of some components after alkaline hydrolysis, particularly, ferulic and fatty acids, indicates the presence of a considerable fraction of such components in esterified structures.
Highlights
Banana plant is a very important crop in the Madeira Island
In a previous communication (Oliveira et al, 2005), we have reported the detection of an abundant fraction of steryl glucosides in “Dwarf Cavendish” dichloromethane extracts
The present paper aims to describe a detailed study of the composition of “Dwarf Cavendish” lipophilic extractives by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), before and after alkaline hydrolysis, in order to analyse all free and esterified components
Summary
Banana plant is a very important crop in the Madeira Island. 30,000 tonnes of fruit representing a substantial economic profit to this region. After collecting the single bunch of bananas, great amounts of agricultural residues are produced. These residues, find little or no use apart from being used as organic material in plantations. “Dwarf Cavendish” (Musa acuminata Colla var cavendish) is presently the most important cultivar, representing ca. 50–60% of the total banana production in. L. Oliveira et al / Industrial Crops and Products 23 (2006) 201–211
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