Abstract
A simple colorimetric method has been developed for the detection of lead (Pb2+) in water samples using lipoic acid-functionalized gold nanoparticles. The lipoic acid-functionalized gold nanoparticles are induced to aggregate in the presence of the Pb2+ which results in a change in the color of the functionalized gold nanoparticles. The change in color and the amount of Pb2+ producing the change could be monitored via UV-visible spectrophotometry. A good correlation coefficient of 0.9927 was obtained for the calibration curve of the colorimetric method. The method was applied in the determination of Pb2+ in water samples and the results compared to that of measurement carried out with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy.
Highlights
Gold nanoparticles have attracted immense attention in recent years owing to their numerous application in biomedicine, electronics, catalysis, and biosensing [1,2,3,4,5,6]
The concentration of Pb ions in water samples was assessed by a colorimetric method using gold nanoparticles and the results compared with measurements carried out by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Gold nanoparticles capped with lipoic acid were prepared using the Frens method of synthesis followed by ligand exchange reaction to replace citrate molecules with lipoic acid
Summary
Gold nanoparticles have attracted immense attention in recent years owing to their numerous application in biomedicine, electronics, catalysis, and biosensing [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Some of the unique characteristics of gold nanoparticles are exploited for the detection of lead ion in water bodies. J Nanomed Nanotechnol, Vol 10 Iss. 5 No: 539 sensitivity to change in size, aggregation state and refractive index of the gold nanoparticles upon attachment of metal ions [25,26]. Ratnarathorn et al [27] used maleic acid as a ligand on gold nanoparticles for the detection of lead. The reaction was carried out under basic conditions (pH = 10) to ensure complete deprotonation of the carboxylic acid groups on the lipoic acid To carry this out, 0.24 g of the lipoic acid was dissolved in basic water, added to the gold nanoparticles and allowed to stir at room temperature overnight. The particles were purified by a series of centrifugation and the pellets dispersed in pure water for analysis
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