Lipids in the economy of marine invertebrates.

A Statistical Model Relating the Oxygen Consumption of a Mollusk (Littorina littorea) to Activity, Body Size, and Environmental Conditions

Responses of the Crayfish Heart during Respiratory Stress

Myoglobin-facilitated oxygen diffusion: role of myoglobin in oxygen entry into muscle.

Effect of temperature and hemoglobin concentration on solubility of O2 in blood.

BODY SIZE AND METABOLIC RATE

Respiratory control of arterial pH as temperature changes in rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri.

ROSENMANN, MARIO, AND PETER MORRISON. Maximum oxygen consumption and heat loss facilitation in small homeotherms by He-02 . Am. J. Physiol. 226(3) : 490495. 1974.-The high thermal conductance of an 80% He-20y0 02 atmosphere was used to elicit maximum metabolism (Mmax) in moderate cold in species ranging from 7-g pygmy mice (Baiomys taylori) to 250-g white rats, including redpolls (Acanthis J?ammea), two vesper mice (Calomys d&la, C. callosus), tundra voles (Microtus oeconomus), and four strains of Mus musculus. Values slightly exceeded those in similar animals using other methods to confirm the low metabolic ratio (Mmax/M, in) in rodents (4-8 X). Submaximal values at higher temperatures defined thermal conductance in He-02 and air. In different species the ratios of these conductances ranged from 1.4 to 2.6, differences which relate to the extent and quality of the respective insulation. M,,, was obtained at 13-70°C warmer in He-02 than required in air for the same metabolic effort. Avoidance of low-temperature technology and freezing injury, elimination of treadmills and training in running, prompt attainment of M,,., (3-10 min after He-02 exposure), and obviation of shaving or wetting procedures are advantages of the present technique.

Effect of amiloride on sodium transport across body surfaces of freshwater animals.

Energy cost of bipedal running.

Gluconeogenesis in a carnivorous bird (black vulture).

The fiddler crab, Uca beebei, lives in individually defended burrows, in mixed-sex colonies on intertidal mud flats. Avian predation is common, especially of crabs unable to escape into burrows. Mating pairs form in two ways. Females either mate on the surface at their burrow entrance ('surface mating') or leave their own burrow and sequentially enter and leave ('sample') courting males' burrows, before staying in one to mate underground ('burrow mating'). We tested whether perceived predation risk affects the relative frequency of these mating modes. We first observed mating under natural levels of predation during one biweekly, semi-lunar cycle. We then experimentally increased the perceived predation risk by attracting grackles (Quiscalus mexicanus) to each half of the study site in two successive biweekly cycles. In each experimental cycle, crabs were significantly less likely to mate on the side with more birds. Moreover, on the side with elevated predation risk, the number of females leaving burrows to sample was greatly reduced relative to the number of females that surface-mated. Males waved less and built fewer mud pillars, which attract females, when birds were present. We discuss several plausible proximate explanations for these results and the effect of changes in predation regime on sexual selection.

Gaseous Metabolism and Water Relations of the Zebra Finch, Taeniopygia castanotis

Metabolism of bears before, during, and after winter sleep.

GIANT NERVE FIBER SYSTEM OF THE CRAYFISH. A CONTRIBUTION TO COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF SYNAPSE

Coupled transport of sodium and organic solutes.