Lipidomics Identified Lyso-Phosphatidylcholine and Phosphatidylethanolamine as Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Laryngeal Cancer.

Bo Yu,Jizhe Wang

doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.646779

Abstract

BackgroundLaryngeal cancer (LaC) remains one of the most common tumors of the respiratory tract with higher incidence in men than in women. The larynx is a small but vital organ on the neck. The dysfunction of the larynx can cause serious health problems such as hoarseness, respiratory distress, and dysphonia. Many lipids (e.g. phospholipid, cholesterol, fatty acid) have been recognized as a crucial role in tumorigenesis. However, the lipid biomarkers are lacking and the lipid molecular pathogenesis of LaC is still unclear.MethodsThis study aims to identify new LaC-related lipid biomarkers used for the diagnosis or early diagnosis of LaC and to uncover their molecular characteristics. Thus, we conducted serum and tissue nontargeted lipidomics study from LaC patients (n = 29) and normal controls (NC) (n = 36) via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Multivariate and univariate statistics analyses were used to discriminate LaC patients from NC.ResultsAs expected, a lipid panel including LPC (16:0) and PE (18:0p_20:4) was defined to distinguish the LaC patients from healthy individuals with very high diagnosis performance (area under the curve (AUC) value = 1.000, sensitivity value = 1.000, and specificity value = 1.000). In addition, the levels of Cer, CerG1, SM, PC, PC-O, PE, PI, PS, and ChE in the LaC group significantly increased as compared with the NC group. However, the levels of LPC, LPC-O, LPE, LPE-p, and DG in the LaC group significantly deceased when the one was compared with the NC group. Among significantly changed lipid species, lysophospholipids containing a palmitoyl chain or an arachidonic acid acyl chain remarkably decreased and phospholipids including a palmitoyl chain or an arachidonic acid acyl chain increased in the LaC patients.ConclusionOur results not only indicate that lipidomics is powerful tool to explore abnormal lipid metabolism for the laC, but suggest that lysophospholipids and phospholipids may serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of LaC.

Highlights

Laryngeal cancer is the most common head and neck cancer, causing heavy health care and economic burdens
For example computed tomography (CT) [4], positron emission tomography (PET) scan [5], and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [6], are commonly used in the screening and detection of Laryngeal cancer (LaC), current imaging methods are challenged by problems related to availability of primary healthcare workers capable of assessing images
Laryngeal cancer staging was performed in 29 patients who underwent laryngeal cancer resection according to the 8th edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual [16]

Summary

Introduction

Laryngeal cancer is the most common head and neck cancer, causing heavy health care and economic burdens. The Global Burden of Disease Cancer Collaboration estimated the prevalence of LaC to be 21.1%, with a male to female ratio of 5:1, and approximately 10% of patients in metastatic or end-stage [1]. There is still an urgent need to identify novel biomarkers for LaC screening or detection. Laryngeal cancer (LaC) remains one of the most common tumors of the respiratory tract with higher incidence in men than in women. The dysfunction of the larynx can cause serious health problems such as hoarseness, respiratory distress, and dysphonia. The lipid biomarkers are lacking and the lipid molecular pathogenesis of LaC is still unclear

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