Lipidomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of the Longissimus Muscle of Luchuan and Duroc Pigs.

Zhiwang Zhang,Yu Sun,Gaoxiao Xu,Weiwei Miao,Qichao Liao,Tingli Pan,Siqi Liu,Lei Zhou,Yixing Li

doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.667622

Abstract

Meat is an essential food, and pork is the largest consumer meat product in China and the world. Intramuscular fat has always been the basis for people to select and judge meat products. Therefore, we selected the Duroc, a western lean pig breed, and the Luchuan, a Chinese obese pig breed, as models, and used the longissimus dorsi muscle for lipidomics testing and transcriptomics sequencing. The purpose of the study was to determine the differences in intramuscular fat between the two breeds and identify the reasons for the differences. We found that the intramuscular fat content of Luchuan pigs was significantly higher than that of Duroc pigs. The triglycerides and diglycerides related to flavor were higher in Luchuan pigs compared to Duroc pigs. This phenotype may be caused by the difference in the expression of key genes in the glycerolipid metabolism signaling pathway.

Highlights

Pork is one of the largest consumer meat products in the world [1]
We measured the weight of pigs of the same age and found that the body weight of Luchuan pigs was significantly lower than that of Duroc pigs (Figure 1A)
In order to understand the difference of IMF content between the two pig breeds, we first determined the fat content in the longissimus dorsi of Luchuan (Lu) and Duroc (Du) pigs

Summary

Introduction

Pork is one of the largest consumer meat products in the world [1]. Global pork production has quadrupled over the past 50 years and it is projected that it will continue to increase over the three decades [2]. In order to satisfy the huge demand, more and more breeding enterprises have chosen pig breeds that grow rapidly. With the improvement of living standards, the demand for quality pork is becoming higher and higher. Previous studies found that people prefer pork with more marbling [3, 4]. Fast-growing pig breeds such as Landrace, Large White and Duroc cannot meet this demand

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