Lipid Profile of the Patient with Acute Coronary Syndromes Undergoing Coronary Angiography (CAG) in Rural Costal Region of Maharashtra

Abstract

Background: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is widely prevalent across the globe and significantly high level of Cholesterol in circulation is a single major risk factor associated with coronary heart disease. It is well established that cardiovascular disease is associated with hypertension and elevated blood levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, and triglycerides. In disparity, a low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a risk factor for mortality from cardiovascular disease. Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim to assess the lipid profile in patients of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) in rural coastal population. Patients and Methods: The present study was done on 62 patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) Serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides were examined in biochemical laboratory of the hospital. Coronary angiography was performed for the presence of lesions. Results: 43.5% of the patients (n=27) were elderly (age>60 years). Approximately 82% of the patients (n=51) aged more than 50 years. Males outnumbered females with a ratio of 2.4:1. 71% of the patients were males. Mean cholesterol levels were 177.86 mg/dl. Approx 3/4th of the patients (n=41) had cholesterol level <200 mg/Dl. Mean triglycerides levels in the patients were 158.29 mg/dl. Only 11 patients out of 62 CAD patients had abnormal triglycerides. Mean LDL level was 119.5 mg and Mean HDL level was 34.5 mg %. The high plasma concentration of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in 30% and the low plasma concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) n 33% of patients were important abnormal findings in our patients. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia as in form of very low levels of HDL cholesterol with comparatively high levels of LDL-c with near normal total Cholesterol and triglyceride levels associated with ACS in our rural costal region of Maharashtra.