Lipid profile of oils from &lt;i&gt;Irvingia gabonensis&lt;/i&gt; (Baill) seeds and its deterioration by a phytopathogenic fungal species

A.A.A Sanyaolu,A.A Osuntoki,A.A Adekunle

doi:10.4314/njb.v36i1.25

Abstract

As a survival strategy, fungi are capable of degrading most organic substances. Fungi associated with diseased Irvingia gabonensis (Baill) seeds are suspected to possess the ability to degrade the hydrocarbon substances contained in these seeds. The work seeks to contribute to literature on the physico-chemical nature of oils from healthy and diseased seeds of I. gabonensis and to determine the corresponding extent of deterioration in this oil from Aspergillus oryzae infected seeds. Using standard laboratory methods, oils from healthy and A.oryzae infected seeds of I. gabonensis seed were extracted and subjected to a complete physico-chemical characterization. In addition, a Gas chromatographic profiling of the Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) from both oils was also done. Results from the study show that oil from I. gabonensis seed is of a high nutritive and industrial quality. Also, A. oryzae significantly (p = 0.05) affected the physico- chemical attributes and fatty acid profile of this oil, thus confirming its ability to deteriorate the quality and usefulness of this oil.Keywords: Irvingia gabonensis seed oil, oil deterioration, oil ranciditity, Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) and phytopathogenic fungi

Highlights

Fungi are reputed for being good at digesting complex organic compounds that are not generally degraded by other organisms (Covino et al, 2010)
In terms of all the parameters that are indicative of deterioration such as saponification value, unsaponifiable matter, acid value, peroxide value and free fatty acid (FFA), the mean values of the oil from the diseased seeds were significantly (p = 0.05) higher than those of the healthy seeds
For such parameters as iodine value, cholesterol value and relative density, there was no significant difference in the mean values for both oils; even though the oils from the healthy seeds had a higher mean value for such parameters as iodine value, cholesterol and relative density compared to the oils from the diseased seeds (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Fungi are reputed for being good at digesting complex organic compounds that are not generally degraded by other organisms (Covino et al, 2010). In an earlier report, Sanyaolu et al (2014) identified five pathogenic fungal species associated with I.gabonenesis seeds from some markets in Lagos, Nigeria In this work, they showed the ability of pathogenic fungi to adversely affect the nutritional integrity of the seeds. I. gabonensis seeds show tremendous promise in correcting leptin resistance, thereby promoting weight loss and combating components of metabolic syndrome. It facilitates the breakdown of body fat by reducing an enzyme (glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) that enables glucose to be stored as triglycerides in fat cells. It increases the insulin-senitizing hormone, adiponectin, and inhibits amylase digestion

Methods

Results

Conclusion