Abstract

 
 
 Diabetes mellitus is predominant in numerous nations of the world with millions of deaths directly linked to it. The utilization of plants in providing answers to this pandemic has expanded over the years. This study investigated changes in some haematological parameters and tissue histology of alloxan induced diabetic Wistar rats administered combined leaf extracts (CLE) of vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf (BI)) and gnetum africanum (okazi leaf (OK)). Aqueous extracts of bitter leaf and okazi leaf were prepared using the conventional method. Forty Wistar rats were grouped into eight of five rats each. Groups A and B were normal and diabetic control respectively, groups C to G (diabetic groups) were treated with varied mixtures of extracts of vernomia amygdalina and gnetum africanum at (10:90BI/OK), (30:70BI/OK), (50:50BI/OK), (70:30 BI/OK) and (90:10% BI/OK) ratios respectively. Group H, the diabetic control was administered the standard drug (Metformin). The animals were sacrificed on the 28th day, blood samples and liver tissue were collected for biochemical analysis and histological examination. There was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in the lipid profile of the diabetic groups (C-G) especially in triglycerides with the highest reduction in (50:50 BI/OK) combination (0.70±0.07) while the least reduction was seen in (30:70 BI/OK) combination (1.37±0.08). There were time and ratio-dependent variations in the haematological indices. Hepatic histology showed evidence of varying levels of restoration of cellular structural integrity by the combined extracts. These results suggest that the combined extracts of vernomia amygdalina and gnetum africanum could be used to manage diabetes mellitus.
 
 
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is portrayed as a disease syndrome with an accumulation of metabolic disorder described by chronic hyperglycemia which results from modifications in insulin secretion, insulin activity, or both(ADA,2013), Groop and Pociot, 2014)
This study explored the impact of two staple- vegetables, bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) and okazileaf (Gnetum africanum) extracts on the lipid profile, some haematological parameters and tissue histology of alloxan induced diabetic Wistar rats
high density lipoprotein (HDL) is termed as good fat as it tends to clear off bad deposits of fats in and the around the linings of the circulatory tubes
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is portrayed as a disease syndrome with an accumulation of metabolic disorder described by chronic hyperglycemia which results from modifications in insulin secretion, insulin activity, or both(ADA,2013), Groop and Pociot, 2014). The body has firmly controlled mechanisms to keep the sugar level (BSL) normal. At the point when the BSL rises, insulin secretion is stimulated in the body. Insulin is a hormone that acts as a key It functions to drive glucose into the cells to be used either as energy or stored as fat. If glucose level drops too low as in the cases of fasting, starvation or sustained physical exercises, the liver releases stored sugar to stabilize it. The customary treatment for DM is the administration of insulin or other hypoglycemic agents which help the diabetic maintain near normal carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism. This study explored the impact of two staple- vegetables, bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) and okazileaf (Gnetum africanum) extracts on the lipid profile, some haematological parameters and tissue histology of alloxan induced diabetic Wistar rats
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