Abstract

Elevated cholesterol levels are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the overall population [1]. Dyslipidemia is known as the main risk factor for developing coronary artery disease (CAD) [1–3] an important cause of heart failure (HF) [4]. Paradoxically, high serum total cholesterol (TC) levels appear to be associated with a better prognosis in HF [5–7]. Although some hypotheses provide biological plausibility to this paradox [8], its existence is still challenged [3].

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