Abstract
Enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to tissue dysfunction and damage in a number of pathological conditions. ROS oxidize the lipids to generate peroxides and aldehydes. These lipid peroxidation products, especially oxidized lipids-derived aldehydes, are much more stable than the parent ROS and therefore can diffuse from their site of generation and inflict damage at remote locations. Therefore, products of lipid oxidation can extend and propagate the responses and injury initiated by ROS. The lipid peroxidation (LPO) products are highly reactive and display marked biological effects, which, depending upon their concentration, cause selective alterations in cell signaling, protein and DNA damage, and cytotoxicity. Increased formation of lipid peroxides and aldehydes has been observed in atherosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion, heart failure, Alzheimer's disease, rheumatic arthritis, cancer, and other immunological disorders. Therefore, decreasing the formation of lipid peroxidation products or scavenging them chemically could be beneficial in limiting the deleterious effects of ROS in various pathological conditions. Indeed, recent studies have identified several agents that could interfere with the LPO-mediated cell signaling pathways and could act as potential therapeutic drugs.
Highlights
The end products of lipid peroxidation yield a variety of highly reactive electrophilic aldehydes, which can act as endogenous danger signals that alter important cell signaling pathways responsible for disease pathogenesis
The 2014 special issue of lipid peroxidation products in human health and disease compiles 16 excellent manuscripts, including clinical studies, research articles and reviews, which provides comprehensive evidence demonstrating the significance of lipid peroxidation products in various pathological conditions
The 3 review articles of this issue discuss how lipid peroxidation products are involved in cell signaling which leads to various pathological conditions
Summary
The 2014 special issue of lipid peroxidation products in human health and disease compiles 16 excellent manuscripts, including clinical studies, research articles and reviews, which provides comprehensive evidence demonstrating the significance of lipid peroxidation products in various pathological conditions. Recent studies identified potential role of lipid peroxidation products as markers of oxidative stress and biomarkers of human diseases. A number of preclinical and clinical studies suggest the involvement of lipid peroxidation products in numerous pathological conditions such as inflammation, atherosclerosis, diabetes, ageing, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer.
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