Lipid Metabolism and Axon Degeneration: An ACOX1 Balancing Act

Abstract

The loss of peroxisomal function has been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In this issue of Neuron, Chung etal. (2020) demonstrate that gain- and loss-of-function mutations in the peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1) gene cause neurodegeneration via distinct molecular pathways in glia.