Lipid emulsion and exercise reduce the development of hepatic steatosis in mice fed high‐dextrose parenteral nutrition formula (642.9)

Abstract

Lipid emulsions (LE) are used to prevent essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency in patients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN), which contains a high percentage of dextrose related to the occurrence of hepatic steatosis. We have previously shown, in 4‐5‐week studies, that LE given either orally or i.v. ameliorates triacylglycerol (TG) accumulation in the liver of nonobese mice fed PN formula orally. Currently, we have conducted a short‐term study (8‐d) to determine whether administration of LE and exercise (Ex, voluntary running), modulates the expected increased expression level of genes associated with fatty liver disease. 5‐wk‐old male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into 5 groups: normal reference group (NC, fed rodent chow); PN only (with 0.5% EFA to assure adequacy); PN+Ex; PN+ 13.5 (en‐%) LE; or PN+LE+Ex. Oil Red O staining and TG analysis showed that hepatic TG contents were increased after 8 d in the PN and PN+Ex groups (P<0.05), compared to NC. The addition of LE suppressed the TG increase caused by PN. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that LE significantly decreased expression of the hepatic patatin‐like phospholipase domain‐containing protein‐3 (PNPLA3) gene (P<0.01), and addition of exercise reduced fibroblast growth factor‐21 levels in liver and plasma. Our results suggest that LE and exercise play protective roles in the development of hepatic steatosis induced by high carbohydrate diet.