Abstract
Acclimation of farmed rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) to three different temperatures (5°C, 12°C, 19°C) resulted in changes in lipid composition in both light and dark muscle which were more pronounced for dark muscle. The changes in lipid composition, evaluated by multivariate analysis, were strongly related to the temperature. Decreased temperature resulted in increased content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially 20:5 n3 (EPA) and 22:6 n3 (DHA), of light and dark muscle. The total lipid content of the muscle was unchanged by temperature acclimation. However, an increased lipid content was found in dark muscle acclimated to cold. The influence, in the principal component analysis and partial least square models, from the individual fatty acids was greater than both the total lipid content and the different lipid classes. The change in lipid composition in light muscle was mostly influenced by the fatty acids; 16:0, 20:5 n3 and 22:6 n3. The change in lipid composition in dark muscle was mainly influenced by the fatty acids; 16:0, 18:1 n9, 22:5 n3 and 22:6 n3. In both light and dark muscle, the strongest contribution to the model from the polar lipid classes was observed for sphingomyelin, followed by phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine.
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