Lipid composition of different parts of Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) fruit and valorization of seed and peel waste

V Popova,Z Petkova,M Stoyanova,N Mazova,T Ivanova,A Stoyanova

doi:10.3989/gya.1256192

V Popova, Z Petkova + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.1256192

Copy DOI

Abstract

The consumption of Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) fruit (CG), fresh or processed, is gaining popularity worldwide, due to its nutritional and medicinal benefits. This study was based on the analysis of the lipid fraction of different parts of CG fruit and on further valorization of the resulting CG waste. The content of glyceride oil in CG seeds, peels and seed/peel waste, as well as the individual fatty acid, sterol and tocopherol composition of the oils was determined. CG seeds and seed/peel waste were a rich source of oil (up to 22.93%), which is suitable for nutritional application, due to its high proportions of unsaturated fatty acids (up to 83.77%), sterols (campesterol, Δ5-аvenasterol, β-sitosterol) and tocopherols (β-, δ- and γ-tocopherols). Seed/peel waste and the extracted seed cakes contained macro- and microminerals (K, Mg, Na, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu) which are important for human and animal nutrition. Seed cakes had relatively high protein (24.32%) and cellulose (42.94%) contents, and an interesting amino acid profile. The results from the study contribute to a deeper understanding of the composition of CG fruit, and might be of practical relevance in the development of functional foods and feeds.

Highlights

Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.), known as goldenberry, Inca berry or Peruvian groundcherry, is the most extensively cultivated Physalis species, constituting an important cash crop in many countries of the tropical and subtropical regions (Puente et al, 2011)
The nutritional and medicinal values of Cape gooseberry (CG) fruit were related to the high levels of beneficial compounds such as vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, fatty acids, phytosterols, polysaccharides and others, as well as to their biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antiglycemic, anticholesterolemic, etc. (Ramadan and Mörsel, 2003; Ramadan et al, 2008; Rodrigues et al, 2009; Puente et al, 2011; Ramadan 2011, 2012; Zhang et al, 2013; Sharma et al, 2015; Yıldız et al, 2015; Kupska et al, 2016; Ertürk et al, 2017; Ramadan et al, 2017; Mokhtar et al, 2018)
CG seeds and seed/peel waste have been reported as promising sources for obtaining edible oil (Ramadan and Mörsel, 2003; Ramadan, 2012)

Summary

Introduction

Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.), known as goldenberry, Inca berry or Peruvian groundcherry, is the most extensively cultivated Physalis species, constituting an important cash crop in many countries of the tropical and subtropical regions (Puente et al, 2011). The fruit of CG, a berry enveloped in a protective calyx, is bright yellow to orange in color, ovoid-shaped, small and shiny (with a diameter between 1.25 and 2.50 cm and weight between 4 and 10 g), and contains about 100-300 seeds. Several comprehensive reviews have been published recently, which summarize the data about the chemical composition, biological activities and uses of CG fruit or whole plants (Puente et al, 2011; Ramadan, 2011; Zhang et al, 2013; Sharma et al, 2015). CG fruit was evaluated as a promising source of vegetable oil (Puente et al, 2011; Ramadan, 2011), with a total oil content of 2.0, 1.8, and 0.2% (on a fresh weight basis (FW)), respectively, in the whole berries, seeds, and pulp/peel fraction of fruit of Colombian origin (Ramadan and Mörsel, 2003)

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion