Lipid and Fatty Acids Accumulation Features of Entomoneis cf. paludosa during Exponential and Stationary Growth Phases in Laboratory Culture

Yekaterina Bedoshvili,Yelena Likhoshway,Artyom Marchenkov,Alyona Nikonova,Elvira Bairamova,Nikolai Davidovich,Yulia Podunay

doi:10.3390/d13100459

Yekaterina Bedoshvili, Yelena Likhoshway + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/d13100459

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Journal: Diversity	Publication Date: Sep 23, 2021
Citations: 4	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Abstract

Diatoms are capable of accumulating substantial amounts of triacylglycerides in their cells, which differ in the composition of fatty acids depending on the conditions of cultivation, making them attractive subjects in biotechnology. In the present study, we characterized the structural features of lipid bodies in the diatom Entomoneis cf. paludosa (W. Smith) Reimer strain 8.0727-B and revealed the peculiarities of fatty acid composition in cultures during the stationary and exponential growth phases. Laser scanning confocal microscopy revealed an increased number of lipid bodies in the cytoplasm during the stationary phase of culture growth. Electron microscopy of ultrathin sections showed that an extreme increase in the number and size of plastoglobules in the cells occurs in the stationary phase of culture growth. The gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection method revealed differences in the fatty acid composition depending on the growth phase. The studied strain can be recommended as a source of hexadecanoic and octadecanoic fatty acids from the culture during the stationary growth phase, as well as eicosapentaenoic fatty acid from the culture during the exponential growth phase.

Highlights

Diatoms are one of the largest groups of Heterokonta organisms that dominate in the oceans
The fatty acid composition of diatom TAGs can vary depending on the cultivation conditions [11]
Smith) Reimer in the laboratory culture during the stationary and exponential growth phases. This species previously attracted the attention of researchers as an object of the study of the sexual reproduction of diatoms [20] and as a source of fatty acids (FAs) [11]; its ultrastructure remains unexplored

Summary

Introduction

Diatoms are one of the largest groups of Heterokonta organisms that dominate in the oceans. TAGs of diatoms accumulate in special lipid bodies, which are repositories of other biological macromolecules and various biologically active substances [12]. Plastoglobules, lipoprotein particles in the chloroplast stroma, are other sites of lipid accumulation These particles were discovered as early as 1963 [13] and are found in many autotrophic organisms [14]. A comparative study was conducted on the ultrastructure of lipid bodies and the fatty acid composition of the diatom Entomoneis cf paludosa Smith) Reimer (strain 8.0727B) in the laboratory culture during the stationary and exponential growth phases This species previously attracted the attention of researchers as an object of the study of the sexual reproduction of diatoms [20] and as a source of fatty acids (FAs) [11]; its ultrastructure remains unexplored

Algae Cultivation

Microscopy

Fatty Acid Analysis

Results

DΣiFsAcusssion