Abstract
Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL-B) was used as a catalyst in the synthesis of palmitolyglucose ester in the ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium triflu- oromethanesulfonate ([Bmim][TfO]), with glucose as a substrates and palmitic acid vinyl ester as the acyl donor. The effect of substrate ratio, lipase content, and temperature on the activity and stability of lipase was studied. The reaction conditions in [Bmim][TfO] re- sulting in the highest yield of the sugar ester were a temperature of 50?C, enzyme concentration of 50 mg/ mL, and a molar ratio of glucose/vinyl palmitate of 1:3. The major reaction product was purified and char- acterized by FT-IR, HPLC, MS and NMR, as being 6-O-palmitolyglucose ester. The advantages of ionic liquid vs. organic solvent were noted.
Highlights
Fatty acid sugar esters have been widely used as sweeteners and non-ionic surfactants in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food industries because they are biodegradable, non-toxic, and non-irritaing [1,2]
The reaction conditions in [Bmim][TfO] resulting in the highest yield of the sugar ester were a temperature of 50 ̊C, enzyme concentration of 50 mg/ mL, and a molar ratio of glucose/vinyl palmitate of 1:3
The results demonstrated that ionic liquids (ILs) can be used as a “greener” solvent for sugar esterification, and illustrate the advantages of IL vs. organic for the specific lipase used for sugar ester synthesis
Summary
Fatty acid sugar esters have been widely used as sweeteners and non-ionic surfactants in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food industries because they are biodegradable, non-toxic, and non-irritaing [1,2]. Chemical synthesis is the major industrial method for sugar ester production. M. Klibanov [3] group in 1980’s, the bio-catalytic synthesis of sugar esters has been studied extensively. Klibanov [3] group in 1980’s, the bio-catalytic synthesis of sugar esters has been studied extensively This method of synthesis has the advantage of producing regio- and stereo-specific products under mild reaction condition [4,5,6]. Most enzymes are quickly inactivated in the organic solvents [7] To overcome these limitations, researchers have been seeking a reaction medium that can dissolve both polar-sugars and non-polar fatty acids, while at the mean time leaving the catalytic activity of the enzyme intact [8,9]
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