Lipase-Catalyzed Transesterification of Egg-Yolk Phophatidylcholine with Concentrate of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids from Cod Liver Oil.

Anna Chojnacka,Aleksandra Grudniewska,Witold Gładkowski

doi:10.3390/molecules22101771

Anna Chojnacka, Aleksandra Grudniewska + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22101771

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Abstract

Phospholipids containing PUFAs are important vehicles for their delivering to the targeted tissues. In our research project we established enzymatic methods for the enrichment of natural egg-yolk PC with n-3 PUFAs. Instead of synthetic PUFA ethyl esters, the new strategy was developed using polyunsaturated fatty acids enriched fraction (PUFA-EF) from cod liver oil as the natural acyl donors. PUFA-EF was produced by urea-complexation and contained 86.9% PUFA including 8.5% stearidonic acid (SDA; 18:4(n-3)), 26.7% EPA, and 45.2% DHA. The transesterification of PC with PUFA was catalyzed by lipases. After screening of enzymes the effect of reaction medium; molar ratio of substrates and etc. was investigated. The highest incorporation of PUFA was 45.6%; including 36.8% DHA and 5.8% EPA at the following reaction conditions: hexane; 55 °C; PUFA-EF/PC acyl ratio of 10; 48 h of reaction time and lipase B from Candida antarctica as a biocatalyst (20% of enzyme load).

Highlights

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) belong to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and are called Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs) because they can only be delivered from the diet
DHA and EPA occur in natural fish oils and micro algal oils as triacylglycerols (TAG), in krill oil as sn-2-PUFA phospholipids (PUFA-PL) [11], and in fish oil capsules in the form of their ethyl esters [12]
We reported on the production of concentrate of wasted cod liver oil (CLO) and its usage as the acyl donor in the enzymatic incorporation of n-3 PUFA into egg-yolk PC

Summary

Introduction

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) belong to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and are called Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs) because they can only be delivered from the diet. Both have been shown to exert profound hypolipidemic effect [1], limit hepatosteatosis [2], and display a preventative role in cardiovascular disease [3], inflammatory diseases [4], and in some cancers [5,6]. DHA is highly concentrated in the brain and is very important for the normal development and function of the brain [7,8].

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