Lip reconstruction: an anthropometric and functional analysis of surgical outcomes

Abstract

Postoperative evaluation of results of reconstructive procedures of the lips mainly consists of describing the technique, complications and subjectively interpreted patient photographs. The authors present a photo-assisted pre- to postoperative evaluation of reconstructive procedures of the lips based on anthropometric measurements and functional outcome. Forty-eight patients underwent partial or full thickness excision of tumours of the lips and subsequent reconstruction. An analysis of standardized pre- and postoperative photographs included measurements of intercanthal width, mouth width, philtrum width, lateral upper lip height, upper and lower lip height, cutaneous upper and lower lip height, upper and lower vermilion arc and upper and lower vermilion height. Assessment of functional outcome consisted of the evaluation of oral competence, changes of oral opening and sensation. The effects on the described parameters were analysed, when partial or full thickness reconstruction had to be performed. Intercanthal mouth width index, vermilion arc index, vermilion and cutaneous total lower lip height index showed statistically significant effects postoperatively which indicates a postoperative tightened lower lip, when full-thickness excision was performed. In all patients the indices were proven reproducible and reliable. The standardized measurements described are accurate and objective for evaluating postoperative results.