L'intubation oro-trachéale par voie rétrograde

Abstract

Four different techniques of retrograde tracheal intubation were studied in 77 cadavers (patients who had died less than 4 h before). None had any laryngeal disease or a previous intubation. Following techniques were evaluated: cricothyroid membrane puncture; infracricoid puncture; catheter guide inserted through the endotracheal tube; catheter guide only inserted through the distal lateral eye (Murphy eye) of the endotracheal tube. An epidural catheter was used as guide. Success rate was low (5 out of 17 attempts) when cricothyroid puncture was used, and the guide passed through the whole length of the tube. All 20 attempts were successful when infracricoid puncture was used and the guide passed through the distal lateral eye of the endotracheal tube. The different techniques and equipment needed are discussed in the light of the available literature. Retrograde tracheal intubation seems to be an easy and useful technique, which all anaesthetists should know, in case of difficult intubation.