Abstract
Linking Environmental Drivers to Infectious Diseases: The European Environment and Epidemiology Network
Highlights
Europe is increasingly at risk of the emergence of tropical diseases that are more commonly associated with warmer climates [1]
For example: deer mice density has been used to predict hantavirus infections [11]; rainfall and temperature have been used as predictors of high-risk areas of plague and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome [12]; sea surface temperature, elevated rainfall, and vegetation index have been used to predict outbreaks of Rift Valley fever [13]; expansion of schistosomiasis in China has been linked to climate change scenarios [14]; climate change models have been used to predict Lyme disease risk and to forecast the emergence of tick-borne infectious disease [15]; and shifts in patterns of transmission of plague and tularemia have been assessed in relation to climate change [16]
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has recognised the strategic importance of such capabilities and has developed an information infrastructure coined the European Environment and Epidemiology (E3) Network, aimed at monitoring environmental conditions related to infectious disease threats [17]
Summary
Europe is increasingly at risk of the emergence of tropical diseases that are more commonly associated with warmer climates [1]. Globalization and environmental change, social and demographic factors, and health system capacities are all significant drivers of infectious diseases [6]. Environmental factors, such as agriculture, irrigation, and deforestation, are other important determinants of emerging infectious diseases.
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