Abstract
Plant height is an important target for soybean breeding. It is a typical quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes and is susceptible to environmental influences. Here, we carried out phenotypic analysis of 156 recombinant inbred lines derived from “Dongnong L13” and “Henong 60” in nine environments at four locations over 6 years using interval mapping and inclusive composite interval mapping methods. We performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis by applying pre-built simple-sequence repeat maps. We detected 48 QTLs, including nine significant QTLs detected by multiple methods and in multiple environments. Meanwhile, genotyping of all lines using the SoySNP660k BeadChip produced 54,836 non-redundant single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes. We used five multi-locus genome-wide association analysis methods to locate 10 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs), four of which overlap with previously located QTLs. Five candidate genes related to plant height are predicted to lie within 200 kb of these four QTNs. We identified 19 homologous genes in Arabidopsis, two of which may be associated with plant height. These findings further our understanding of the multi-gene regulatory network and genetic determinants of soybean plant height, which will be important for breeding high-yielding soybean.
Highlights
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an important crop around the world, and worldwide soybean consumption has increased rapidly in recent years
The RIL6013 population showed a bimodal distribution in the nine environments, except for E8 and E6, and plant height observations generally showed a unimodal distribution
The coefficient of variation (CV) for plant height was between 12.84% and 20.86%
Summary
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an important crop around the world, and worldwide soybean consumption has increased rapidly in recent years. Increasing production per unit area remains an important breeding target. Yield is influenced by a variety of traits, such as number of pods, number of seeds, and number of nodes. Plant height is an important factor in the formation of yield traits, and at the same time promotes or inhibits other yield components. Plant height mainly affects yield by influencing lodging resistance and the number of pods per plant (Akhter and Sneller, 1996).
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