Abstract
This study aimed to clinically evaluate children and adolescents with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in order to identify and diagnose the condition at an early stage and prevent possible complications.
 Materials and Methods. A comprehensive examination of 105 children aged 10 to 17 years with MetS was conducted at the Rheumatology and Cardiology Department of Children's Clinical Hospital No. 6 in Kyiv. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria were used to establish MetS. Anthropometric assessments included calculation of body mass index, evaluation of waist circumference using age-specific percentile charts, determination of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and measurement of neck circumference in lying and standing positions. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed using the ABM-04 device (Meditech, Hungary), and laboratory investigations (glucose, insulin, lipid profile) were conducted using the Cobas 6000 analyzer and test system (Roche Diagnostics). The EZR version 1.61 (November 11, 2022) package was used for statistical analysis of the obtained data.
 Results and Discussion. In terms of heredity analysis, the presence of hypertension in the father of children, maternal grandmother, and mother was the most common, indicating the importance of genetic influence on the development of this condition. Among the most common complaints were elevated blood pressure, headaches, anxiety, and palpitations. The logistic regression model demonstrated that daytime sleepiness was associated with symptoms such as sweating, morning hoarseness, tinnitus, weather sensitivity, and fatigue. There was no statistically significant difference between the manifestations of acanthosis nigricans and purple stretch marks in girls and boys, but a higher tendency was observed in males.
 Conclusions. Metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents is associated with a high risk of complications, as most of them have a high WHtR value. Cardiovascular diseases showed the highest hereditary dependency in close relatives of children with MetS. Cardiovascular symptoms are the most common among children with MetS, but girls had significantly higher frequencies of emotional and psychological symptoms.
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