Abstract
Theios and Amrhein (1989) proposed that longer picture-naming than wordreading times were due in part to differences in the time to access articulatory codes. Three studies of university students were designed to test that assumption. Latencies to articulate entire names were faster than latencies to articulate the name of the first letter of the referent both for pictures and words; however, the difference was significantly larger for pictures. The absence of the interaction when articulation was delayed suggests that the effect reflected articulatory planning rather than the articulation itself. Finally, the interaction occurred when subjects compared visual target letters or words with comparison words or pictures. The results support the assumption that pictures are more likely than words to activate a holistic lexical representation of their referents.
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