Linewidth narrowing in an imbalanced Y-branch waveguide laser

Abstract

A Y-branch channel waveguide laser whose branch segments were mismatched in length by 2.4% was fabricated by electric-field-assisted ion exchange in Nd-doped, mixed alkali–silicate glass. The laser output wavelength was centered at 1057.3 nm, and the linewidth was 0.4 nm FWHM. Our similarly fabricated single-channel Fabry–Perot lasers and balanced Y-branch lasers display linewidths of 3–4 nm. Pumping was performed with a cw Ti:sapphire laser operating at 785 nm. The imbalanced Y-branch laser reached threshold with an absorbed pump power of 48 mW when a 2% transmitting output coupler was used. The slope efficiency was 2%. An extended cavity was used to imbalance the arms in a second laser by a ratio of 2.8:1. This device displayed a linewidth of approximately 3.7 GHz FWHM. The linewidth narrowing of these coupled-cavity lasers is analogous to that seen in a Michelson laser.