Abstract
Liquid-filled photonic crystal fibers and optofluidic devices require infiltration with a variety of liquids whose linear optical properties are still not well known over a broad spectral range, particularly in the near infrared. Hence, dispersion and absorption properties in the visible and near-infrared wavelength region have been determined for distilled water, heavy water, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, toluene, ethanol, carbon disulfide, and nitrobenzene at a temperature of 20 °C. For the refractive index measurement a standard Abbe refractometer in combination with a white light laser and a technique to calculate correction terms to compensate for the dispersion of the glass prism has been used. New refractive index data and derived dispersion formulas between a wavelength of 500 nm and 1600 nm are presented in good agreement with sparsely existing reference data in this wavelength range. The absorption coefficient has been deduced from the difference of the losses of several identically prepared liquid filled glass cells or tubes of different lengths. We present absorption data in the wavelength region between 500 nm and 1750 nm.
Highlights
Liquids offer striking possibilities for the field of optics
The refractive index measurement requires the calculation of correction terms in order to use a standard Abbe refractometer in a wider wavelength region beyond the visible
Accurate measurement data between a wavelength range from 500 nm up to 1600 nm together with their fitting constants of Cauchy and Sellmeier equations are given for the first time over this broad wavelength region and were successfully compared with sparsely existing published data
Summary
New optical devices have been developed which opened a new field: optofluidics, which combines liquids and photonics [1, 2]. The knowledge of the linear refractive index n and the absorption coefficient α are important to control the optical properties and to determine n2 [15]. In this paper precise constants for Cauchy and Sellmeier dispersion equations of linear refractive indices at a temperature of 20 °C are derived from measurement data between a wavelength of 500 nm and 1600 nm for the following eight liquids: distilled water (H2O), heavy water (D2O), chloroform (CHCl3), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), toluene (C7H8), ethanol (C2H6O), carbon disulfide (CS2), and nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2). The structure of the paper is as follows: First the measurement techniques and the experimental setups for the determination of the linear refractive index and the absorption coefficients are described. The absorption coefficient values are given in the supplement as comma-separated value text files
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