Linear polysaccharides reduce production of inflammatory cytokines by LPS-stimulated bovine fibroblasts

Abstract

Chronic lesions in the limbs of farm animals cause lameness due to chronic infection and inflammation. Exploratory treatments for chronic wounds in humans may be suitable for adaptation into the field of animal care. Specifically, antimicrobial linear polysaccharides like oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) and chitin/chitosan are biodegradable hemostats that are being explored to promote healing of chronic wounds but have not been directly compared using the same biological specimen. Despite their current use in humans, linear polysaccharides possess features that may preclude their use as biodegradable bandages. For example, ORC promotes inflammation when it remains in vivo and chitin/chitosan stimulate size-dependent proinflammatory responses. In order to assess the use of these materials to treat chronic wounds we have compared their effects on cellular toxicity and in stimulating the production of proinflammatory cytokines by bovine epidermal fibroblasts. While neither polysaccharide increased cell mortality, on average, they caused minor alterations in expression of proinflammatory cytokines from cells isolated from different animals. Both polysaccharides reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines stimulated by microbial lipopolysaccharide. We conclude that the polysaccharides used in this study are relatively inert and may improve healing of chronic epidermal wounds in farm animals.