Abstract
In this study, we propose a reverberation suppression algorithm for linear frequency-modulated (LFM) pulse sonar systems using a non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) method. Because conventional NMF-based reverberation suppression algorithms are only applicable to continuous wave reverberation, we propose two pre-processing methods, namely dechirping transformation and modulo operation, to facilitate application of the NMF method to LFM reverberation. Moreover, we impose additional sparse constraints on the NMF method to improve its performance. To evaluate the proposed algorithm, an experiment involving simulated LFM reverberation is performed. The results thereof show improved detection performance at several signal-to-reverberation ratios and false alarm conditions. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is also applied to sea experiment data. According to the sea experiment analysis, the algorithm is able to suppress the LFM reverberation effectively and improve detection performance in practical LFM pulse sonar systems.
Highlights
Active sonar is an underwater surveillance system that transmits pulses and analyzes received signals to detect, track, and classify underwater targets
We focused on reverberation suppression of linear frequency-modulated (LFM) pulsed sonar systems, which are used in anti-submarine warfare
To utilize the information of a target echo concentrated in a narrow frequency bin, each basis of WP is constrained to indicate the specific frequency bin, which relates to a specific arrival time of the transmitted LFM pulse
Summary
Active sonar is an underwater surveillance system that transmits pulses and analyzes received signals to detect, track, and classify underwater targets. To utilize the information of a target echo concentrated in a narrow frequency bin (strictly speaking, it does not represent real frequency because the dechirping transformation has been conducted), each basis of WP is constrained to indicate the specific frequency bin, which relates to a specific arrival time of the transmitted LFM pulse This can be implemented by one-hot encoding, indicating that only the elements of the column of WP that have values for the specific elements in which the Doppler of the target is expected are used, while the remaining elements are set to zero.
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