Abstract
The growth processes of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) thin films on fused silica optical fibers with UV-induced long-period gratings (LPGs) were investigated with regard to biosensing applications. The films were deposited using a linear antenna microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system, which allows for the growth of diamond at temperatures below 350°C. The films exhibited a high refractive index n = 2.32, as estimated at λ = 550 nm. The biosensing applications of NCD-coated LPG were considered in relation to bovine serum albumin (BSA) as an external medium. In response to BSA binding and the subsequent formation of a thin bio-layer on the NCD surface, the LPG resonances slightly split and shifted towards lower wavelengths.
Highlights
Optical fibers have been used extensively to develop a number of sensing devices [1], because they facilitate the measurement of various physical quantities such as temperature [2], humidity [3] or pressure [1]
Diamond films were successfully grown on optical fibers at temperatures less than 350°C, providing a clear improvement of the results presented in our earlier reports [7,21]
Since Long-period gratings (LPGs) are known for their high sensitivity to changes in the optical properties of an external medium, the deposition of the film was confirmed by a significant shift of resonances in the LPG transmission spectrum
Summary
Optical fibers have been used extensively to develop a number of sensing devices [1], because they facilitate the measurement of various physical quantities such as temperature [2], humidity [3] or pressure [1]. The linear antenna microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (LA MW CVD) technology has recently been developed for the growth of NCD layers [17,18,19]. In such systems, the deposition of high quality diamond at lower temperatures and on larger areas are more feasible than in ordinary systems [18]. We applied a low-temperature LA MW CVD system to deposit diamond overlays over large areas of LPG-based optical fiber sensors for the first time. The presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) bio-layer has been confirmed by the observed change in optical response of the LPG
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