Abstract
The Putian plain is situated on the Xinghua bay in the middle of the Fujian coast in Southeast China. The spread of Buddhism into the Putian region can be traced back to the Southern Dynasties. Most of the great lineages in Putian during the Tang and Song depended on one or another Buddhist monastery. The development of lineage organization after the Song has a close relationship with the transmission of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism. Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism took form during the transition from the Northern to the Southern Song, and in the Southern Song Fujian was the center of transmission, and this had a profound impact on the literati of Putian. Many local gods from Putian received temple plaques and imperial enfeoffments over the Song dynasty. The traditional popular social organizations of Putian were primarily the lineages and the religious organizations.Keywords: Buddhism; Cheng-Zhu neo-confucianism; god; lineages; Putian plain; religious organizations; Song dynasty
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