Line‐Source Model Based Rapid Inversion for Deriving Large Earthquake Rupture Characteristics Using High‐Rate GNSS Observations

Abstract

AbstractWe present a new method using Global Navigation Satellite System‐derived peak ground velocities to rapidly determine rupture characteristics for large earthquakes (Mw > 6). A three‐step strategy is adopted to sequentially estimate the fault rupture length, direction, and pattern (unilateral or bilateral). It does not require any a priori constraint on the fault plane, and can avoid drift and clipping problems in seismic data based inversion methods. Through retrospective analysis of six recent large earthquakes, the line‐source rupture characteristics can be determined within 30 s. Comparison with the United States Geological Survey released products demonstrates that the line‐source parameters can be estimated with considerable accuracy. We also analyze the contribution of the earthquake rupture characteristics to the prediction of ground shaking intensity. It is shown that the method has the potential to improve ground shaking predictions with applications in disaster assessment and emergency response.