Abstract
We demonstrate three-dimensional structural and functional retinal imaging with line-field parallel swept source imaging (LPSI) at acquisition speeds of up to 1 MHz equivalent A-scan rate with sensitivity better than 93.5 dB at a central wavelength of 840 nm. The results demonstrate competitive sensitivity, speed, image contrast and penetration depth when compared to conventional point scanning OCT. LPSI allows high-speed retinal imaging of function and morphology with commercially available components. We further demonstrate a method that mitigates the effect of the lateral Gaussian intensity distribution across the line focus and demonstrate and discuss the feasibility of high-speed optical angiography for visualization of the retinal microcirculation.
Highlights
Since the advent of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and the first demonstration of in vivo retinal imaging [1, 2], there has been a remarkable development in terms of acquisition speed, axial and lateral resolution and diagnostic specificity [3]
We have shown that the concept of parallel line-field illumination and detection enables 2D and 3D in vivo imaging at high speed with commercially available and cost-effective technology
We have shown 2D and 3D retinal images acquired at the fovea centralis and at an eccentricity of 7° towards the ONH at acquisition speeds of up to 1MA-scans/s
Summary
Since the advent of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and the first demonstration of in vivo retinal imaging [1, 2], there has been a remarkable development in terms of acquisition speed, axial and lateral resolution and diagnostic specificity [3]. The development of frequency-domain mode-locked (FDML) swept source lasers set the stage for retinal imaging at acquisition speeds exceeding 1 MA-scans/s [17,18,19,20,21] in the regime of 1050 nm and 1300 nm wavelength. The use of mode locked lasers enabled to perform wide field lable-free optical angiography (OA), a powerful method to assess the retinal microvasculature non-invasively [22,23,24,25] at acquisition speeds of 1.6 MHz [26].
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