Abstract
White shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is an important species of farmed shrimp. Intestinal bacterial composition and immune activity play important roles in regulating the health condition of shrimp. Lactic acid bacteria Limosilactobacillus fermentum SWP-AFFS02 was isolated from the intestine of sea fish Rachycentron canadum, and the potential of its effect on growth, immunity, and intestinal microbiota of L. vannamei shrimp was investigated. Shrimps received feed with or without the addition of 8 log CFU/g L. fermentum SWP-AFFS02 thrice a day for 8 weeks. After 8-week treatment, weight gain, feed conversion rate, and survival rate of shrimp were greater in the L. fermentum SWP-AFFS02-feed group than in the control group. L. fermentum SWP-AFFS02 treatment increased the number of granular cells and semi-granular cells and decreased hyaline cell number when compared to the control group. L. fermentum SWP-AFFS02 promoted prophenoloxidase (PO) activity through increasing immune-associated gene expression in the hepatopancreas of shrimp. In addition, administration of feed containing L. fermentum SWP-AFFS02 regulated intestinal microbiota via decreasing the ratio of pathogenic bacteria, such as Vibrionaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, in the intestine of shrimp. This study demonstrated that administration of L. fermentum SWP-AFFS02 effectively prevented infection of L. vannamei shrimp by regulating intestinal microbiota and enhancing immunity in shrimp to increase the growth and improve their health status, which acted as a probiotic and provided beneficial effects on shrimp.
Highlights
The results indicated that the total bacterial levels in environmental seawater were higher in the LAB feed group than in the control group between weeks 2 and 8 (Table 3)
These results indicate that L. fermentum SWP-AFFS02 markedly elevated immune markedly elevated Total Hemocyte Count (THC) levels in shrimp when compared to the control group (Figure 1A)
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of feeding L. vannamei shrimp with a feed rich in the LAB L. fermentum SWP-AFFS02
Summary
Litopenaeus vannamei, commonly known as white shrimp, is native to Central and. South America, which has strong tolerance to the environment, disease resistance, and osmotic pressure regulation in low-salinity waters. It is characterized by its feed conversion rate, fast growth rate, low residual food rate, and suitability for high breeding density, which have made it an internationally important species of farmed shrimp. Developing an intensive farming model to enable an increase in stocking density per unit area has caused problems, such as water contamination. Growth of pathogenic bacteria, Fermentation 2021, 7, 179.
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