Abstract

System reliability can be improved through (1) using simple design, (2) using reliable components, or (3) adding redundancy. Frequently, all these techniques are employed during the design stage. While simple design is a matter of art, using reliable components and adding redundancy can be done scientifically. Over the past 30 years, the reliability optimization problem has been studied in an attempt to allocate optimally the redundancy and reliability of system components. System reliability cannot be achieved at the 100% level because the components used in the system are not perfect; if more and better components are used, the system gets voluminous, heavy, and costly. Therefore, the theme of reliability optimization is a tradeoff between reliability (system) and cost, in any acceptable format. The limits of system reliability are also limits of cost.

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