Abstract
We experimentally find a practical stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) threshold for broadband high-performance fiber optical parametric devices relying on dispersion-stable GeO2-doped silica highly nonlinear fibers. We demonstrate that SBS limits the nonlinear phase shift in such fibers to ~0.3 rad per pump unless the SBS is mitigated in some way. We consequently derive corresponding limits on signal gain and conversion efficiency and find the required SBS mitigation factor for a range of fiber optic parametric devices’ applications. Finally, we examine the level of SBS mitigation using air gaps and fiber tapers for implementation in polarization-insensitive fiber optic parametric devices employing bidirectional loops. We observe that an air gap or fiber taper are not very efficient for SBS mitigation as they provided an increase in SBS threshold up to 0.7 dB attributed primarily to their excess loss.
Highlights
Fiber optic parametric devices (FOPD) have received much attention due to their wavelength unrestricted [1] abilities for broadband [2] and phase-sensitive [3] amplification, optical phase conjugation [4], wave length conversion [5] and phase regeneration [6]
We measure a practical Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) threshold for a range of lengths of two different dispersion-stable highly nonlinear fibers (HNLF) and demonstrate the SBS to limit the nonlinear phase shift in dispersion-stable GeO2-doped silica HNLFs to ~0.3 rad per pump unless the SBS is mitigated in some way
The SBS threshold is achieved in fiber A at nonlinear phase shift of 0.28 rad and in fiber B at nonlinear phase shifts of 0.27 – 0.32 rad
Summary
Fiber optic parametric devices (FOPD) have received much attention due to their wavelength unrestricted [1] abilities for broadband [2] and phase-sensitive [3] amplification, optical phase conjugation [4], wave length conversion [5] and phase regeneration [6]. The SBS backscatters an exponentially increasing fraction of pump power until the pump is depleted. A significant pump depletion due to the SBS occurs at a critical power Pcr defined by (1) [7], where gB is the peak Brillouin gain, Leff is the effective fiber length, Aeff is the fiber effective area, K is the pump polarization factor between 1 and 2, ΔνB is the Brillouin bandwidth and ΔνP is the pump linewidth. We use a practical definition of the SBS threshold as the input pump power when 1% of incoming pump is backscattered. Exceeding this threshold typically leads to a notable pump degradation
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