Abstract
We study the ballistic conductance of electron waveguides created by lateral depletion of the two-dimensional (2D) electron gas caused by negatively biased split surface Schottky gates. The maximal number of resolved steps of the quantized conductance staircase and their temperature stability are examined as functions of slit width w, depth d of the 2D layer from the surface, and 2D electron density n. Conditions to obtain a large number of well-resolved steps at high temperatures are explored and formulated. Limitations of the split-gate devices are also discussed. In particular, we find that while the increase of n and decrease of d are always desirable, the width w has to be optimized to have a maximum number of steps at a given temperature.
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