Abstract
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the response of the BRS Tumucumaque cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cultivar to liming and to phosphorus and potassium fertilization in the absence of inoculation or nitrogen fertilization, as well as to inoculation with selected Bradyrhizobium strains, in an upland forest area in the state of Amapá, eastern Amazon, Brazil. Seven experiments were conducted in field conditions, in order to evaluate six limestone, four phosphorus, and four potassium rates, besides the inoculation with four Bradyrhizobium strains. Leaf nitrogen concentrations, pod and grain dry mass per plant, grain yield, and soil pH, Al+3, and Ca+2 + Mg+2 were evaluated. The obtained data were subjected to the analysis of variance, to the regression analysis, or to test to compare means. The soil presented a high buffer power, but liming reduced its chemical limitations. Leaf nitrogen concentrations were correlated to cowpea grain yield. However, there is no effect of the interaction between potassium and phosphorus rates on grain yield. In addition, grain yield is not influenced by liming and potassium fertilization, but is increased by phosphorus fertilization. Inoculation with the UFLA 3-84 and INPA 03-11B strains promotes a greater grain yield than that with BR 3262 and BR 3267, as well as a similar grain yield to that of the control without inoculation.
Highlights
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] cultivation is historically associated with smallholders in Brazil, receiving a low investment, but providing an important source of protein and income (Freire Filho et al, 2005)
The objective of this work was to evaluate the response of the BRS Tumucumaque cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cultivar to liming and to phosphorus and potassium fertilization in the absence of inoculation or nitrogen fertilization, as well as to inoculation with selected Bradyrhizobium strains, in an upland forest area in the state of Amapá, eastern Amazon, Brazil
9.35 (1)R2, coefficient of determination; and CV, coefficient of variation. nsNonsignificant concentrations, with a significant effect in the first and second years, respectively. These results indicate the occurrence of a nitrogen dilution effect (Jarrell & Beverly, 1981) in cowpea as a function of the increased productivity promoted by phosphorus rates
Summary
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] cultivation is historically associated with smallholders (family farmers) in Brazil, receiving a low investment, but providing an important source of protein and income (Freire Filho et al, 2005). There is still a need for scientifically-based technical information for the recommendation of inoculants, liming, and fertilizers for soils from the state of Amapá, which commonly follow the recommendations for soils from other states. These limitations make the differences between the real average yield (obtained by farmers) and potential yield (productivity in experimental conditions) of cowpea genotypes high
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