Abstract
Acid soil is an obstacle to agricultural development and a concern regarding food and environmental security. Therefore, a study was carried out for two consecutive years to see how lime and organic manure (OM) amendments affect yield and nutrient absorption in the Transplanted (T.) Aman–Mustard–Boro cropping pattern in an acidic terrace soil. With nine treatments and three replications, the experiment was set in a randomized complete block design. The treatments were applied to the first crop, T. Aman, with different dosages of lime (dololime at the rate of 1 and 2 t ha−1), OM (cow dung at 5 t ha−1, poultry manure at 3 t ha−1) and lime–OM combination, and their residual effects were studied in the following mustard and boro rice crops. Results demonstrate that the effect of lime and manure was more pronounced in the case of the second and third crops in the first year and of all crops in the pattern in the second year. In the first year, grain and straw yield of T. Aman as well as the overall system productivity were not influenced significantly by the application of lime and manure, but significant increases were obtained in the second year. As an average of both years, the highest grain yield of 5.2 t ha−1 (12% over control) was recorded for T. Aman, 1.7 t ha−1 (41% over control) for mustard and 5.9 t ha−1 (47% over control, 3.9 t ha−1) for boro rice when dololime was applied in combination with poultry manure. In both years, N, P, K and S uptake were significantly increased compared to the control in all the crops due to the combined application of lime and cow dung or poultry manure. Combined application of lime and manure amendment significantly improved nutrient availability and soil quality. Therefore, applying lime in combination with manure can be practiced to uplift crop productivity in acidic terrace soils.
Highlights
Rice is the second most widely cultivated staple food nourishing about 164 million people of Bangladesh and more than 60% of the world population [1,2,3]
Rice planted area will decline to 10.8 million hectares in the decade, and output would need to be raised several times its current level to feed this growing population
Acid soils are a major issue in Bangladesh, with the area of very highly acid and very acid soils increasing by 13% between 1988 and 2010 [5]
Summary
Rice is the second most widely cultivated staple food nourishing about 164 million people of Bangladesh and more than 60% of the world population [1,2,3]. In terms of area and output, mustard ranks first among the oilseed crops produced in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is anticipated to have a population of over 186 million by 2030, according to the UN World Population Prospects (2019 Revision). Rice is cultivated on around 11.6 million hectares of land in Bangladesh, with a yield of over 36.2 million metric tons [4]. Rice planted area will decline to 10.8 million hectares in the decade, and output would need to be raised several times its current level to feed this growing population. Soils in 5.06 Mha of Bangladesh’s lands contain varying degrees of acidity (4.5–6.5), which may limit crop productivity in
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