Abstract
Lilies, that is, species of Lilium (Liliaceae) (true lily) and Hemerocallis (Hemerocallidaceae) (day lily), cause acute kidney injury in cats. This does not occur in dogs, rats or rabbits. All parts of the plant are toxic to cats and a small amount of plant material can have serious consequences if ingested. The mechanism of toxicity remains unknown. Signs develop rapidly, with gastrointestinal irritation followed by polyuria, dehydration and then renal failure. Seizures can occur in severe cases. Treatment is aimed at reducing absorption using emesis and/or activated charcoal; preventing renal shutdown; and enhancing renal perfusion with intravenous fluid diuresis for at least 48 hours. Once renal failure has occurred treatment options are limited. Prognosis is good in cats treated promptly and before the onset of acute kidney injury. Cats with renal failure have a more guarded prognosis.
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