Likbez Kampanyası Dönemindeki Propaganda Posterleri Üzerine Göstergebilimsel Bir İnceleme

Abstract

The Bolsheviks led by Vladimir Lenin seized power in Russia after the October Revolution in 1917. A literacy campaign was launched in Russia under the title of Elimination of Ignorance Among the Population (ликвидация безграмотности у населения), with the short name Likbez (Ликбез) and an intense effort was made to raise the level of education with the campaign in the country under the leadership of Lenin on December 26, 1919. Especially within the scope of the campaign, propaganda activities were carried out to encourage reading books and to develop the reading habits of the masses. At this stage, propaganda posters, one of the leading mass media tools of the period, were used. In the study, it was aimed to reveal how the propaganda posters were used and what messages were given in the process of encouraging the masses to read books in Likbez, which was initiated in Lenin’s reign. For this purpose, 9 propaganda posters determined were analyzed in the light of the semiotics concepts of the Russian linguist Roman Jakobson. In the findings of the study, it was revealed that the perceptions that people who read books would have a happy and peaceful life were tried to be formed, on the other hand, reading was presented as a way of getting closer to the Communism ideology.