Lignocellulosic wastes of Carya illinoinensis (Juglandaceae) inhibit germination and seedling develop-ment of Lactuca sativa (Asteraceae)

Neiva Bremm,Nestor Bremm,Rodrigo Ferraz Ramos,Débora Leitzke Betemps,Tiago Edu Kaspary,Cristiano Bellé,Tatiane Chassot

doi:10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v9n3.bremm

Abstract

The study evaluated the effect of Carya illinoinensis plant extracts on lettuce seed germination and development. Experiment was carried out in a completely randomized experimental design with five treatments and replications. Plant extracts were prepared from the dry ground vegetable waste. The concentration was adjusted to 10% m.v-1. The treatments were classified into: heterogeneous pruning residues (HPR), leaves residues (LR), epicarp residues (ER), mesocarp residues (MR), and control treatment (CT, 100% water). The variables evaluated were: first germination count (GP4%), final germination count (GP7%), germination speed index (GSI), germination inhibition (PGI), frequency of abnormal seedlings (FAS), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), and total length of seedling (TLS). Extracts obtained from residues of C. illinoinensis decreased the lettuce seed germination, but their effect depends on the plant tissue (e.g. leaf, epicarp or mesocarp) used at production of plant extracts. Plant extracts from HPR and MR do not result in drastic allelochemical effects. Aqueous extracts from LR and ER reduced significantly the seed germination and the normal development of lettuce seedlings, with an absolute reduction in germination of 90.2% and 79.2%, respectively. Only plant extracts from leaf residues and epicarp residues from C. illinoinensis inhibit the germination and seedling development of L. sativa.

Highlights

Lignocellulosic plant wastes represent a material with high potential for use in forestry, horticulture and floriculture
It has been shown that aqueous extracts of pecan tree wastes can inhibit lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed germination (Klein et al, 2017)
Vegetal waste was added in beckers containing distilled water (25 ± 2.0 °C), with concentration adjusted to 10% m v1

Summary

Introduction

Lignocellulosic plant wastes represent a material with high potential for use in forestry, horticulture and floriculture. Pecan tree (Carya illinoinensis) is a plant that has lignocellulosic wastes with potential application in the formulation of substrates for seedling production. The fruits of this species need constant pruning, result in a large volume of lignocellulosic waste (Wolff and Medeiros 2017). Fresh plant wastes (non-composted) may have allelochemical substances (e.g. bioactive compound such as quinoid, phenolic and flavonoids compounds) (Islam and Widhalm, 2020). These substances, produced by secondary metabolism, can cause deleterious effects on seeds germination or initial seedling development (Aslam et al, 2017; Feng et al, 2017; Rehman et al, 2019). The individual allelochemical effects of each lignocellulosic component (leaves, fruit peel, heterogeneous pruning residues) of pecan tree wastes on seed germination remains unknown

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion