Lignin and ethylcellulose in controlled release formulations to reduce leaching of chloridazon and metribuzin in light-textured soils

Abstract

In this research, controlled release formulations (CRFs) of the herbicides chloridazon and metribuzin, identified as potential leachers, have been evaluated in soils with different texture. To prepare the CRFs, ethylcellulose (EC) and dibutylsebacate (DBS) have been used as coating agents in lignin-polyethylene glycol based formulations.Mobility experiments have been carried out in two light textured soils (sandy and sandy-loam). Breakthrough curves have shown that the use of CRFs reduces the presence of chloridazon and metribuzin in the leachate compared to technical and commercial products, being the lignin CRF coated with EC and DBS the most efficient to diminish the herbicide leaching.Mass balance study has shown a higher amount of chloridazon and metribuzin recovered in soils when these herbicides were tested as CRFs compared to technical and commercial products. The gradual release of herbicides from the CRFs resulting in a rather available levels of chloridazon and metribuzin in soil for a longer time. A good correlation between percentages of herbicide recovered in leachates and T50 values (time corresponding to 50% release of herbicide in water) was obtained, which allows to select the most appropriate CRF in each agro-environmental practice to reduce the potential pollution of groundwater by chloridazon and metribuzin.