Abstract
Bursera fagaroides is a medicinal tree endemic to México, it belongs to the Burseraceae family and has proven antitumor activity. Modern research, performed principally with the bark extracts, have indicated that lignans are the main active constituents of B. fagaroides, with a high content of aryltetralin, aryldihydronaphtalene, dibenzylbutirolactone, and dibenzylbutane-type lignans as the constituents of the active extracts. In general, lignans from B. fagaroides exhibited potent anti-cancer activity, although antitumor, anti-bacterial, anti-protozoal, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral properties have also been described. This review covers literature-reported lignans from B. fagaroides, chemical structures, nomenclature, chromatographic techniques of isolation, characterization strategies, and highlights the anti-cancer molecular mechanisms of lignans. Evaluation of the anticancer function of lignans has been extensively investigated since the cytotoxic in vitro results and in vivo assays in mice and zebrafish models to the tubulin molecular recognition by NMR. Also, we discuss the future direction for studying this important plant species and its lignan metabolites.
Highlights
Cancer is well known as one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, its effects in both more and less economically developed countries, and its likelihood to rank as the leading cause of death in the 21st century
The chemical study of B. fagaroides through the years allowed the characterization of 19 lignan structures (Figure 4) named: podophyllotoxin (1) [19,27], β-peltatin-A-methylether
The most studied member of the lignan family is podophyllotoxin (1), which is used in the form of a medical cream to treat genital warts (Condyloma acuminawhich is used in the form of a medical cream to treat genital warts (Condyloma acuminatum) tum) caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) and other venereal warts [60]
Summary
Mayra Antúnez-Mojica 1 , Antonio Romero-Estrada 2 , Israel Hurtado-Díaz 2 , Alfonso Miranda-Molina 3 and. Lignans from Bursera fagaroides: Chemistry, Pharmacological Effects and Molecular Mechanism. Centro de Investigaciones Químicas IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
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