Abstract
.Though optical imaging of human brain function is gaining momentum, widespread adoption is restricted in part by a tradeoff among cap wearability, field of view, and resolution. To increase coverage while maintaining functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)-comparable image quality, optical systems require more fibers. However, these modifications drastically reduce the wearability of the imaging cap. The primary obstacle to optimizing wearability is cap weight, which is largely determined by fiber diameter. Smaller fibers collect less light and lead to challenges in obtaining adequate signal-to-noise ratio. Here, we report on a design that leverages the exquisite sensitivity of scientific CMOS cameras to use fibers with smaller cross-sectional area than current high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) systems. This superpixel sCMOS DOT (SP-DOT) system uses -diameter fibers that facilitate a lightweight, wearable cap. We developed a superpixel algorithm with pixel binning and electronic noise subtraction to provide high dynamic range (), high frame rate (), and a low effective detectivity threshold (), each comparable with previous HD-DOT systems. To assess system performance, we present retinotopic mapping of the visual cortex ( subjects). SP-DOT offers a practical solution to providing a wearable, large field-of-view, and high-resolution optical neuroimaging system.
Highlights
Optical imaging has long held promise as a bedside neuroimaging technique
Our results show that the superpixel approach to detection using sCMOS cameras can reduce the weight of high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) imaging arrays by >30-fold compared with standard avalanche photodiodes (APDs)-based HD-DOT systems
Groups have previously developed CCD-based DOT systems,[15,16,17,18] these systems have either been too slow to record hemodynamic activity or they have been used in geometries that required only limited DNR, such as small volumes or transmission mode measurements[15,21] that are very limited for human neuroimaging applications
Summary
Optical imaging has long held promise as a bedside neuroimaging technique. High-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) has improved image quality dramatically.[1,2] When matched within subjects against fMRI, HD-DOT can obtain localization errors
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