Abstract
Recently, multi-core fiber (MCF) has been incorporated with elastic optical networks (EONs) to enhance the fiber capacity, which forms spectrally-spatially EONs (SS-EONs). In MCF, inter-core crosstalk (XT) occurs and degrades the signal quality. Fragmentation is one of the major issues since it leads to inefficient utilization of spectrum resources. Fragmentation metric-aware spectrum resource allocation is one of the solutions to suppress fragmentation. In SS-EONs, several studies have been conducted to deal with inter-core XT and fragmentation. The conventional fragmentation-aware model considering XT calculates the fragmentation metric by distinguishing spectrum slots as vacant or not. Some vacant slots are unavailable due to inter-core XT, and the unavailable vacant slots can cause fragmentation. This paper proposes a fragmentation-aware lightpath provisioning model, which suppresses the fragmentation caused by allocating spectrum slots to lightpaths and due to inter-core XT. The proposed model classifies vacant slots into available ones and unavailable ones. An optimization problem is formulated as an integer linear programming (ILP) problem. A heuristic algorithm is introduced when the ILP problem is not tractable. Numerical results observe that the proposed model suppresses the blocking probability compared to a benchmark model based on the literature.
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