Abstract
Unlike standard nanodiamonds (NDs), boron-doped nanodiamonds (BNDs) have shown great potential in heating a local environment, such as tumor cells, when excited with NIR lasers (808 nm). This advantage makes BNDs of special interest for hyperthermia and thermoablation therapy. In this study, we demonstrate that the negatively charged color center (NV) in lightly boron-doped nanodiamonds (BNDs) can optically sense small temperature changes when heated with an 800 nm laser even though the correct charge state of the NV is not expected to be as stable in a boron-doped diamond. The reported BNDs can sense temperature changes over the biological temperature range with a sensitivity reaching 250 mK/√Hz. These results suggest that BNDs are promising dual-function bio-probes in hyperthermia or thermoablation therapy as well as other quantum sensing applications, including magnetic sensing.
Highlights
Fluorescent bulk/nanodiamond crystals have attracted special attention in several important areas of application due to their optical properties, surface chemistry, and biocompatibility [1]
This study reports that boron-doped nanodiamonds (BNDs) can selectively heat the local environment, for example, in tumor cells, without heating the surrounding tissue by exciting it with NIR lasers (808 nm) in the tissue transparency window
The acid-cleaned BNDs were air oxidized at 550 ◦ C for 10 min to remove any remaining sp2 carbon on the surface, which can block ion implantation and quench the negatively charged color center (NV) center luminescence
Summary
Fluorescent bulk/nanodiamond crystals have attracted special attention in several important areas of application due to their optical properties, surface chemistry, and biocompatibility [1]. This study reports that BNDs can selectively heat the local environment, for example, in tumor cells, without heating the surrounding tissue by exciting it with NIR lasers (808 nm) in the tissue transparency window. This makes BNDs preferable to other nanodiamonds, such as crushed high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) and detonation nanodiamonds
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