Abstract
At the entrance of a tunnel, reflection of sunlight from the surrounding environment and a lack of adequate lighting usually cause some vision problems. The purpose of this study is to optimize the lighting environment at the entrance of highway tunnels. Firstly, based on a highway tunnel in Zhejiang Province, the natural illumination intensity in different seasons and climate conditions inside and outside the tunnel entrance was analyzed by means of DIALux simulation software. Then the variation in illumination conditions with distance at the entrance of the tunnel was analyzed. Finally, based on the results above, this study proposes four solutions as follows: setting up a shading shed, auxiliary lighting facilities, decelerating reflective markings, and an adaptive dimming system.
Highlights
Health and safety issues associated with the traffic system, such as improving visibility for drivers, has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to the soaring rates of deaths, injuries, and disabilities resulting from road traffic accidents [1]
The abscissa is the distance from the tunnel entrance, the left side of coordinate 0 represents the outside of the tunnel, and the right side of coordinate 0 represents the inside of the tunnel
In the research presented in this paper, a calculation model of road lighting at the entrance of a highway tunnel in Zhejiang province was established by using simulation software
Summary
As the bottleneck section of a road network, there are significant traffic safety issues with highway tunnels. On the one hand, when the vehicle exits or enters the tunnel at a high speed, the cross-sectional light environment changes drastically and suddenly. The contradiction between this change and the limited adaptability of humans leads to the “black hole effect” [2,3]. Ahmad Mehri et al [4] pointed out that the "black hole effect" at the tunnel entrance can lead to visual and psychological discomfort for drivers and can increase the risk of road traffic accidents. According to CIE 88-1990, the amount of light required at the entrance to a tunnel has been determined based on the average luminance in the 20◦ conical field of view to avoid the black-hole phenomenon [6]
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