Abstract
This paper mainly focuses on increasing the conversion efficiency of GaAs solar cells by reducing the light reflection losses. The design of nano-structured gratings and their light trapping performance are modelled and optimised by using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The sunlight directly impinges on the solar panel or cells, then a portion of the incident sunlight reflects back to the air from the surface of the panel, thus leading to a reduction in the light absorption capacity of the solar cells. In order to proliferate the light absorption capacity of solar cells nano-grating structures are employed, as they are highly capable of capturing the incident sunlight compared to a conventional (or flat type) solar cell, which results in generating more electrical energy. In this study, we design three different types of nano-grating structures, optimise their parameters and their performance in light capturing capacity. From the simulation results, we confirm that that it is possible to reduce light reflection losses up to 27%, by using the nano-grating structures, compared to conventional type solar cells. This reduction of reflection losses helps to improve the conversion efficiency of next-generation GaAs solar cells significantly for a sustainable green Earth.
Highlights
According to the latest report published by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), the world population is expected to increase by 2 billion within the 30 years
Based on the outcome of various silicon solar panel coated with this resin, they concluded that use of this thin film can improve the light tests conducted on a silicon solar panel coated with this resin, they concluded that use of this thin absorption properties compared with the conventional solarwith panel
The simulation results presented in this paper are in good agreement with the results reported in References [70,71]
Summary
In order to improve the conversion efficiency of solar cells, anti-reflective (AR) thin film coating is used as an additive feature to minimise the reflection losses Their performance is limited to a certain wavelength region, together with some downsides, such as thermal and adhesive mismatch with the substrates, which require specific choice of material and geometry [36,37,38,39,40,41,42]. Due to the cells ability to trap the incident light, subwavelength structures have applications in several areas of research, from medical therapy and sensing, to imaging and PV systems [43,44,45] They have been demonstrated to be promising candidates for realising high conversion efficiency in solar cells, due to their low reflection losses.
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