Abstract
ABSTRACT: Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. is an aromatic species popularly known as patchouli. The essential oil rich in patchoulol extracted from leaves is used by the pharmaceutical industries. The objective was to investigate the effects of shade nets and shading intensities on P. cablin growth, anatomy, chemical composition and essential oil content. The experiment was conducted with two types of shade nets (black and Aluminet), three light intensities (30, 50, and 70% shading) and full sun. The different light intensities influenced the growth and the essential oil yield, and chemical composition. Patchouli plants grown in an environment with shading showed higher values for the leaf, stem, root ant total dry weights compared to full sun. At 50% of shading, Aluminet provided gain in stem and total dry weights. Aluminet and black net at 50 and 70% of shading enhance essential oil yield. Patchoulol and pogostol contents were higher under full sun, and, black net and Aluminet at 50% shading. The environment for patchouli cultivation can be improved by use shade nets, especially with Aluminet at 50% of shading.
Highlights
Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth is a perennial, aromatic, erect, and branched herb, reaching a height of 0.5 to 1.2 m
The plants grown with use of shade net (42.64 g) showed a gain of 180% in Leaf dry weight (LDW) relative to the crop under full sun (23.68 g), while 50 and 70% shading (Aluminet or black net) enabled even greater gains in relation to 30%
In P. cablin, the leaves are the parts of the plant with greater commercial interest because of their higher essential oil content
Summary
Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth is a perennial, aromatic, erect, and branched herb, reaching a height of 0.5 to 1.2 m. It has crossed and oval opposite leaves, measuring 5 to 10 cm in length and 3 to 8.9 cm in width, with lobed crenateserrate margins, obtuse lobes, and leaf apexes. The flowers are white, bisexual, zygomorphic, and dichlamydeous, with apentamericgamosepalous calyx and a bicarpellary superior ovaryn (SWAMY & SINNIAH, 2016). The essential oil extracted from P. cablin leaves is rich in terpenes, with patchoulol being the most important constituent (LI et al, 2021). Antifungal, anthelmintic, and antitrypanosomal biological activities are attributes of patchouli essential oil (SWAMY & SINNIAH, 2016; PHUWAJAROANPONG et al, 2020)
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