Abstract
The influence of spectral irradiance on in vitro anthocyanin production in white friable callus of cranberry cultivars `Stevens', `Searles', and `Ben Lear' was examined by modifying cool white fluorescent lamp emission. Filters were used to shift spectral balance to blue, yellow, and red wavelengths at different PPF levels within a span of 30 to 150 μmol m-2s-1. White, friable, dark-grown calli—originally derived from shoots and leaves of shoot culture stock plants—were maintained approximately 6 months with subculture every 4 wk. Uniform callus masses were then subcultured to pigment induction medium and transferred to treatment microenvironments. Visual and machine vision analysis of pigmentation was assessed weekly for one month. Higher PPF levels stimulated the most rapid anthocyanin synthesis. Calli in the blue treatment produced the greatest pigmentation within the first two weeks. All three cultivars responded similarly to the treatments, however, pigmentation was slightly more intense in `Ben Lear' at higher PPFs. Results indicate spectral irradiance significantly affects anthocyanin synthesis in cranberry callus cultures, and suggest that manipulation of the physical microenvironment is an important consideration in development of efficient in vitro natural pigment production systems.
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